HEALING POTENTIAL AND THERAPEUTIC INSIGHTS OF BIXA ORELLANA: A HOLISTIC REVIEW
Abstract
Bixa Orellana, commonly known as the annatto, bijol or lipstick tree, is a medicinal plant with a remarkable spectrum of pharmacological activities. Rich in bioactive compounds such as bixin, norbixin, flavonoids, tocotrienols, and terpenes, it exhibits diverse therapeutic potential. Scientific studies have demonstrated its antimicrobial, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuropharmacological, analgesic, antinociceptive, anticonvulsant, and immunomodulatory properties. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in metabolic regulation, showing antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, and anti-obesity effects. Bixa Orellana also exerts hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, gastroprotective, and cardiovascular benefits, including hypotensive and platelet anti-aggregant activities. Its wound-healing, dermatoprotective, and anticancer properties further highlight its medicinal significance. Moreover, its potential in mosquito repellency, antihistamine activity, and multidrug resistance modulation underscores its versatility. While these pharmacological benefits reinforce its traditional medicinal use, further clinical studies are needed to validate its therapeutic applications and establish its role in modern medicine. This review explores the holistic potential of Bixa Orellana, emphasizing its promising contributions to healthcare and drug discovery.
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